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5 Hama Penyerang Tanaman Hidroponik yang Menghantui dan Cara Mengatasinya

Agu 19, 2020 , , ,
Artikel Ini Ditulis oleh Adib Bukhori. Pekerja Harian Lepas yang Telah Lama Menggeluti Kegiatan Pertanian Hidroponik Selama 2 Tahun Lebih

Karebaindonesia.id – Di masa pandemi Covid-19 saat ini, banyak masyarakat terkhusus di wilayah perkotaan mulai melirik budaya bertani, salah satunya adalah pertanian dengan sistem tanam hidroponik. Karena selain mudah dan tidak berkotor-kotoran, masyarakat dapat menanam sayuran dengan mudah di pekarangan mereka. Tapi perlu diketahui banyak masyarakat yang senang menanam sayuran dengan sistem tanam hidorponik tidak mengetahui berbagai jenis penyakit yang kadang timbul saat proses penanaman berlangsung. Berikut beberapa jenis penyakit yang sering timbul di tanaman hidroponik:

1. Hama Ulat
Jenis hama ini dapat menyerang bagian daun hingga berlubang dan rusak. Hama ini akan sangat merugikan bagi tanaman seperti sayuran. Cara mengatasi jenis hama ini bisa dengan cara menyemprot daun dengan obat pemberantas hama ulat (banyak dijual di toko pertanian), pada waktu malam dan siang hari. Hal ini dapat dilakukan penyemprotan rutin 1 minggu sekali. atau bisa juga dengan membuang daun yang sudah rusak yang disebabkan oleh hama ulat.

2. Hama Serangga
Hama ini menyebabkan daun menjadi bergaris-garis dan rusak. Hal ini disebabkan karena hama serangga berkembang biak atau bertelur di sekitar daun/sayuran. Banyak jenis dan bentuk hama serangga yang beraneka ragam. Jika daun sudah terlanjur terserang oleh hama jenis ini lebih baik kita buang/hilangkan daun tersebut, untuk pencegahan daun terserang serangga dapat dilakukan penyemprotan rutin dengan menggunakan obat pemberantas hama.

3. Tanaman Cacat
Masalah pertama yang dihadapi petani hidroponik adalah tanaman yang cacat. Hampir semua petani hidroponik pernah mengalami ini termasuk petani yang menggunakan cara menanam hidroponik dengan media air. Pada umumnya, tanaman yang cacat disebabkan karena tanaman tersebut terserang hama kutu. Tidak hanya cacat, tanaman hidroponik yang terserang kutu ini juga akan menjadi kerdil, berbatang lemah, serta ujung-ujung daunnya menggulung atau keriting. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang disebabkan kutu ini, anda bisa membuang atau memusnahkan semua tanaman yang terinfeksi agar penyebarannya terhenti.

4. Belalang
Belalang adalah salah satu serangga pemakan daun yang sangat mengganggu tanaman produktif petani. Hama satu ini menyerang dalam bentuk koloni atau kelompok. Tak jarang semua cara telah dilakukan untuk membasmi hama ini, namun hasilnya selalu nihil karena beberapa memang mati namun sebagian besar masih saja menyerang tanaman. Mungkin Anda sedang kebingungan dan panik mengatasi serangan belalang yang dapat mengurangi kualitas tanaman dan hasil panen.

5. Tungau
Serangan yang disebabkan oleh tungau bisa dikenali dari bintik kuning di permukaan daun. Bintik tersebut akan terus melebar dan warnanya berubah menjadi lebih gelap, menjadi kecokelatan, lalu menghitam. Selain berbintik, daun juga akan menjadi keriting dan menggulung ke bawah seperti sendok terbaik. Hama tungau bisa mengganggu tanaman hidroponik karena menghisap cairan daun dalam jaringan mesofil. Jaringan pun rusak dan fotosintesis tanaman terganggu. Akibatnya, produktivitas tanaman juga menurun.

Itulah 5 jenis hama dan cara mengatasi hama pada tanaman hidroponik yang bisa anda coba mulai hari ini. Selamat mencoba dan semoga bermanfaat.[]

By Warman D. Sally

Pemimpin Redaksi Kareba Indonesia

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